Principle of western blot test skin#

Upon entering the host body, the virus can stay dormant, generally located in the axons of the peripheral nervous system neuron.

Principle of western blot test skin#

The virus is transmitted to a seronegative individual via abraded skin or mucosal surface. This staggering number of positive cases worldwide can be attributed to the highly infectious nature of this virus. It has been estimated that more than 500 million people globally, including 50 million in the US, have been infected with HSV. Herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are DNA-based viruses from the Herpesviridae family, responsible for causing herpes (genital or oral) and fulminate encephalitis in humans. Here, we aim to review the different diagnostic techniques, both laboratory-based and POC, their limits of detection, sensitivity, and specificity, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. In contrast, POC techniques include microfluidics-based tests that enable on-spot testing. Laboratory techniques include different biochemical assays, microscopy, and nucleic acid amplification. Different detection techniques are available based on both laboratory and point of care (POC) devices. Herpes can be diagnosed in two ways, by either detecting the presence of the virus in lesions or the antibodies in the blood. Thus, early and accurate detection of HSV is needed to prevent the transmission of this infection. Additionally, viral shedding can also happen from asymptomatic infections. HSV is highly contagious and can be transmitted via any type of physical contact. There are two subtypes, HSV-1 and HSV-2, that are known to cause a variety of symptoms, ranging from acute to chronic. Herpes is a widespread viral infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) that has no permanent cure to date.